Everything about The Eastern Association totally explained
The
Eastern Association of counties was a Parliamentarian or
Roundhead army during the
English Civil War. It was formed from a number of pro-Parliamentary militias in the east of
England in 1642, including a troop of cavalry led by
Oliver Cromwell. It was initially led by
Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester, one of Parliament's Major-Generals, after the dismissal of Lord Grey Of Warke.
The foundations of "the best equipped army of the Civil War"
The army was composed of units raised in
Essex,
Hertfordshire,
Norfolk,
Suffolk,
Cambridgeshire,
Huntingdonshire and
Lincolnshire. This was one of the richest agricultural parts of England; meaning that the Eastern Association was of the best financed and equipped armies on either side in the early part of the civil war - widely influencing the sophisticated detail and command of the later
New Model Army.
The Eastern Association during the Civil War
Early in the war, in the winter of 1642-43, it established Parliamentary control over
East Anglia and in subsequent campaigns, it moved against Royalist controlled
Yorkshire. The Eastern Association fought in the Parliamentary victory at the
battle of Marston Moor in June 1644 and then at the drawn
second battle of Newbury,joining forces with the Earl of Essex and Sir William Waller's London and Southern Association armies in October of that year. This missed opportunity was an early factor toward some military commanders, including Cromwell, doubting the ability of Manchester as a commander. This was the last major battle the army was ever to take part in.
In early 1645, it was disbanded under the
Self-Denying Ordinance and incorporated, along with the Parliamentarian armies of the Earl of Essex and
William Waller, into the
New Model Army.
Military Personnel of the Eastern Association
Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester [CommanderOf the Eastern Association/Major-General in the Parliamentary Army];
Oliver Cromwell [Lieutenant-GeneralOf Horse];
Lawrence Crawford [SergeantMajor-General Of Foot]; Bartholomew Vermuyden [ColonelOf Horse, & Commisionary-General];
Henry Ireton [Quartermaster-General]; John Lilbourne [Lieutenant-Colonel,& Commander Of Manchester's Dragoons]; Charles Fleetwood [ColonelOf Horse]; John Pickering [ColonelOf Foot]; Francis Russell [ColonelOf Foot]; Sir Miles Robart [ColonelOf Foot]; Edward Montagu [laterThe Earl Of Sandwich, Colonel Of Foot]; Thomas Rainsborough [ColonelOf Foot].
The Regiments of the Eastern Association
Horse - Manchester's; Cromwell's
Ironsides; Vermuyden's; Fleetwood's.
Dragoons - Manchester's (Under Lilbourne's command); Lilbourne's; Vermuyden's.
Foot - Manchester's; Crawford's; Montagu's; Robart's; Pickering's; Russell's; Rainsborough's; (Possibly) Lilbourne's.
Further Information
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